BEIRUT, Lebanon (AP) 鈥� A 10-day truce began in Lebanon on Friday that could pause fighting between Israel and the Hezbollah militant group and boost attempts to extend the ceasefire between Iran, the United States and Israel after weeks of devastating war.
U.S. President Donald Trump announced the agreement as a ceasefire between Israel and Lebanon. However, Israel has not been fighting with Lebanon itself, but rather with the Iranian-backed Hezbollah militants inside the country, who were not formally part of the agreement.
Barrages of gunshots rang out across Beirut as residents fired into the air just after midnight to celebrate the beginning of the truce.
Displaced families began moving toward southern Lebanon and Beirut鈥檚 southern suburbs, despite warnings by officials not to attempt to return to their homes until it became clear whether the ceasefire would hold.
Earlier, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said he agreed to the ceasefire 鈥渢o advance鈥� peace efforts with Lebanon, but said Israeli troops would not withdraw.
Israeli forces have engaged in fierce battles with Hezbollah in the border area as they pushed into southern Lebanon to create what officials have called a 鈥渟ecurity zone.鈥� Netanyahu, in his video address, said it will extend 10 kilometers (6 miles) into Lebanon.
鈥淭hat is where we are, and we are not leaving,鈥� he said.
Hezbollah said that 鈥淚sraeli occupation on our land grants Lebanon and its people the right to resist it, and this matter will be determined based on how developments unfold鈥� 鈥� a stance that could complicate the ceasefire.
Israel reserves right to defend itself
The U.S. State Department said that according to the agreement, Israel reserves the right to defend itself 鈥渁t any time, against planned, imminent, or ongoing attacks.鈥� But otherwise, Israel 鈥渨ill not carry out any offensive military operations against Lebanese targets, including civilian, military, and other state targets.鈥�
The wording suggested Israel would maintain the freedom to strike at will, as it did in the months following the ceasefire that ended the previous war. This time, Hezbollah said it would respond to any strikes by Israel.
It’s unclear when the 1 million people displaced by the war will be able to safely return.
Lebanon鈥檚 state-run National 草莓传媒 agency reported that Israeli shelling continued in the villages of Khiam and Dibbine about a half hour after the truce went into effect. Israel鈥檚 military said it was looking into reports of shelling and artillery fire in southern Lebanon.
Hezbollah kept firing rockets at northern Israeli towns and communities right up to the start of the ceasefire. Air raid sirens went off in some often-targeted border towns less than 10 minutes before midnight.
Flurry of diplomacy
The agreement came after a meeting between Israel’s and Lebanon鈥檚 ambassadors in Washington and a flurry of subsequent phone calls from Trump and Secretary of State Marco Rubio, according to a White House official.
They were the first direct diplomatic talks between the two countries in decades. Hezbollah had opposed direct talks between Lebanon and Israel.
Trump spoke Wednesday evening with Netanyahu, who agreed to a ceasefire with certain terms, according to the official, who was not authorized to comment publicly and spoke on condition of anonymity.
Rubio then called Lebanon鈥檚 president, Joseph Aoun, who got on board. Trump then spoke with Aoun, and again with Netanyahu.
The State Department worked with both governments to formulate a memorandum of understanding for the truce.
鈥淢ay have been a historic day for Lebanon. Good things are happening!!!鈥� Trump said in a social media post.
Trump extends White House invitation
Lebanon has insisted on a ceasefire to stop the fighting between Israel and Hezbollah before engaging in more talks, while vowing to commit to disarming the group.
Israel and Lebanon have technically been at war since Israel was established in 1948, and Lebanon remains deeply divided over diplomatic engagement with Israel.
Trump also invited the leaders of Israel and Lebanon to the White House for what he said would be 鈥渢he first meaningful talks” between the countries since 1983.
鈥淏oth sides want to see PEACE, and I believe that will happen, quickly,鈥� Trump wrote on social media.
Lebanon and Israel signed an agreement in 1983 saying Lebanon would formally recognize Israel, and Israel would withdraw from Lebanon. The deal fell apart during Lebanon鈥檚 civil war and was formally rescinded a year later.
A Hezbollah official said the ceasefire was a result of Iran鈥檚 negotiations with the U.S., in which Iran had insisted Lebanon be included in its own ceasefire, and came about through efforts by mediator Pakistan. The official spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to speak publicly.
Pakistan army chief meets with Iranian parliament speaker
Meanwhile, Pakistan鈥檚 army chief met Thursday with Iran鈥檚 parliament speaker as part of international efforts to press for an extension to a ceasefire that has paused between Israel, the U.S. and Iran.
It was unclear whether the frantic diplomacy could lead to a lasting deal before the ceasefire ends next week. The Iran war has killed thousands of people and by disrupting the flow of oil.
Iranian state television did not provide details on the meeting between Pakistani Army and Iranian Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Qalibaf, his country鈥檚 chief negotiator.
There was no immediate comment from Pakistan, after hosting the talks between the U.S. and Iran that authorities said helped narrow differences between the sides.
The White House said any further talks regarding Iran would likely take place in the , though no decision had been made on whether to resume negotiations. The fragile ceasefire is holding despite a U.S. naval and Iranian counter-threats to target regional ports across the Red Sea.
Trump suggested the ceasefire could be extended.
鈥淚f we鈥檙e close to a deal, would I extend?鈥� Trump said in an exchange with reporters. 鈥淵eah, I would do that.鈥�
The war has as shipping has been cut off and airstrikes have pounded . amid hopes for an end to fighting, and U.S. stocks on Wednesday set in January.
Officials say US and Iran are making progress
Even as the and renewed Iranian threats strained the ceasefire, regional officials reported progress, telling AP the United States and Iran had an 鈥渋n-principle agreement鈥� to extend it to allow for more diplomacy. They spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive negotiations.
But tensions simmered.
The commander of Iran鈥檚 joint military command, Ali Abdollahi, threatened to halt trade in the region if the U.S. does not lift its naval blockade, and a newly appointed military adviser to Iranian Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei said he does not support extending the ceasefire.
Mediators seek compromise on sticking points
The fighting has killed at least 3,000 people in Iran, more than 2,100 in Lebanon, 23 in Israel and more than a dozen in Gulf Arab states. Thirteen U.S. service members have also been killed.
Mediators are pushing for a compromise on three main sticking points: Iran鈥檚 nuclear program, the Strait of Hormuz and compensation for wartime damages, according to a regional official involved in the mediation efforts.
Since the war began, Iran has curtailed maritime traffic through the strait, which a fifth of global oil transited through in peacetime. Tehran鈥檚 effective sent oil prices skyrocketing, raising the cost of fuel, food and other basic goods far beyond the Middle East.
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Becatoros contributed from Athens, Greece. Matthew Lee and Ben Finley in Washington, Samy Magdy in Cairo, Melanie Lidman in Tel Aviv, Israel, and Munir Ahmed in Islamabad contributed to this report.
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